Tajikistan: People & Society#
| Population | 8,330,946 (July 2016 est.) |
|---|---|
| Nationality | noun: Tajikistani(s) adjective: Tajikistani |
| Ethnic groups | Tajik 84.3%, Uzbek 13.8% (includes Lakai, Kongrat, Katagan, Barlos, Yuz), other 2% (includes Kyrgyz, Russian, Turkmen, Tatar, Arab) (2010 est.) |
| Languages | Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and business note: different ethnic groups speak Uzbek, Kyrgyz, and Pashto |
| Religions | Sunni Muslim 85%, Shia Muslim 5%, other 10% (2003 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 32.56% (male 1,380,959/female 1,331,790) 15-24 years: 19.04% (male 804,625/female 781,469) 25-54 years: 39.79% (male 1,640,657/female 1,674,198) 55-64 years: 5.37% (male 205,541/female 241,770) 65 years and over: 3.24% (male 112,279/female 157,658) (2016 est.) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 60.9% youth dependency ratio: 56% elderly dependency ratio: 4.8% potential support ratio: 20.7% (2015 est.) |
| Median age | total: 24.2 years male: 23.6 years female: 24.8 years (2016 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 1.66% (2016 est.) |
| Birth rate | 23.8 births/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Death rate | 6.1 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Net migration rate | -1.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Population distribution | the country's population is concentrated at lower elevations, with perhaps as much as 90% of the people living in valleys; overall density increases from east to west |
| Urbanization | urban population: 26.8% of total population (2015) rate of urbanization: 2.62% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) |
| Major urban areas - population | DUSHANBE (capital) 822,000 (2015) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.85 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2016 est.) |
| Mother's mean age at first birth | 22.8 note: median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2012 est.) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 32 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 32.8 deaths/1,000 live births male: 37.1 deaths/1,000 live births female: 28.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 67.7 years male: 64.6 years female: 71 years (2016 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 2.67 children born/woman (2016 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | 27.9% (2012) |
| Health expenditures | 6.9% of GDP (2014) |
| Physicians density | 1.92 physicians/1,000 population (2013) |
| Hospital bed density | 5.5 beds/1,000 population (2011) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 93.1% of population rural: 66.7% of population total: 73.8% of population unimproved: urban: 6.9% of population rural: 33.3% of population total: 26.2% of population (2015 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 93.8% of population rural: 95.5% of population total: 95% of population unimproved: urban: 6.2% of population rural: 4.5% of population total: 5% of population (2015 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | 0.31% (2015 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 16,200 (2015 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | 800 (2015 est.) |
| Major infectious diseases | degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria (2016) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 12% (2014) |
| Children under the age of 5 years underweight | 13.3% (2012) |
| Education expenditures | 5.2% of GDP (2015) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.8% male: 99.8% female: 99.7% (2015 est.) |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 11 years male: 12 years female: 11 years (2013) |
| Child labor - children ages 5-14 | total number: 164,432 percentage: 10% (2005 est.) |
| Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 | total: 16.7% male: 19.2% female: 13.7% (2009 est.) |