Germany: Geography#
| Location | Central Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, between the Netherlands and Poland, south of Denmark |
|---|---|
| Geographic Coordinates | 51 00 N, 9 00 E 51.0,9.0 |
| Area | total: 357,022 sq km land: 348,672 sq km water: 8,350 sq km [Verified in 8 databases] |
| Land boundaries | total: 3,694 km border countries: Austria 801 km, Belgium 133 km, Czech Republic 704 km, Denmark 140 km, France 418 km, Luxembourg 128 km, Netherlands 575 km, Poland 447 km, Switzerland 348 km |
| Coastline | 2,389 km |
| Elevation Extremes | lowest point: Neuendorf bei Wilster -3.54 m highest point: Zugspitze 2,963 m |
| Highest Mountains | Due to difference in mountain rankings taken from two data sources we are listing here both lists : According to Wolfram: Zugspitze 2962 m; Hochwanner 2744 m; Watzmann 2713 m; Partenkirchener Dreitorspitze 2633 m; Alpspitze 2628 m According to Geonames: Zugspitze 2962 m; Watzmann 2713 m; Watzmann Mittelspitze 2713 m; Hochblassen 2706 m; Leutascher Dreitorspitze 2673 m Attempted Explanation: Please help us to try to explain the discrepancies by sending us helpful information to office nospam@TUGraz.at @global-geography.org Important Mountains |
| Terrain | lowlands in north, uplands in center, Bavarian Alps in south |
| Natural Hazards | flooding |
| Natural Resource | coal, lignite, natural gas, iron ore, copper, nickel, uranium, potash, salt, construction materials, timber, arable land |
| Land Use | arable land: 33.25% permanent crops: 0.56% other: 66.19% (2011) |
| Climate | temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers; occasional warm mountain (foehn) wind |
| Irrigated Land | 5,157 sq km (2006) |
| Renewable Water Resources | 154 cu km (2011) |
| Environment_CurrentIssues | emissions from coal-burning utilities and industries contribute to air pollution; acid rain, resulting from sulfur dioxide emissions, is damaging forests; pollution in the Baltic Sea from raw sewage and industrial effluents from rivers in eastern Germany; hazardous waste disposal; government established a mechanism for ending the use of nuclear power over the next 15 years; government working to meet EU commitment to identify nature preservation areas in line with the EU's Flora, Fauna, and Habitat directive |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Large Cities | Berlin; Hamburg; Munich; Cologne; Frankfurt [Verified] Important Cities |
| Geography-note | strategic location on North European Plain and along the entrance to the Baltic Sea Important Rivers Important Lakes |