Turkmenistan: People & Society#
| Population | 5,291,317 (July 2016 est.) |
|---|---|
| Nationality | noun: Turkmen(s) adjective: Turkmen |
| Ethnic groups | Turkmen 85%, Uzbek 5%, Russian 4%, other 6% (2003) |
| Languages | Turkmen (official) 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7% |
| Religions | Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, unknown 2% |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 25.95% (male 695,752/female 677,166) 15-24 years: 19.04% (male 506,856/female 500,647) 25-54 years: 42.86% (male 1,125,058/female 1,142,870) 55-64 years: 7.59% (male 189,464/female 212,330) 65 years and over: 4.56% (male 105,140/female 136,034) (2016 est.) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 47.9% youth dependency ratio: 41.7% elderly dependency ratio: 6.1% potential support ratio: 16.3% (2015 est.) |
| Median age | total: 27.5 years male: 27 years female: 28 years (2016 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 1.13% (2016 est.) |
| Birth rate | 19.3 births/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Death rate | 6.1 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Net migration rate | -1.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Population distribution | the most densly populated areas are the southern, eastern, and northeastern oases; approximately 50% of the population lives in and around the capital of Ashgabat |
| Urbanization | urban population: 50% of total population (2015) rate of urbanization: 1.94% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) |
| Major urban areas - population | ASHGABAT (capital) 746,000 (2015) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.89 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2016 est.) |
| Mother's mean age at first birth | 24.6 (2006 est.) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 42 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 35.5 deaths/1,000 live births male: 42.7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 28.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 70.1 years male: 67.1 years female: 73.3 years (2016 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 2.08 children born/woman (2016 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | 48% (2006) |
| Health expenditures | 2.1% of GDP (2014) |
| Hospital bed density | 4 beds/1,000 population (2012) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 89.1% of population rural: 53.7% of population total: 71.1% of population unimproved: urban: 10.9% of population rural: 46.3% of population total: 28.9% of population (2012 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 98.2% of population total: 99.1% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 1.8% of population total: 0.9% of population (2012 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | NA |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | NA |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | NA |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 18.8% (2014) |
| Children under the age of 5 years underweight | 9.2% (2006) |
| Education expenditures | 3% of GDP (2012) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.7% male: 99.8% female: 99.6% (2015 est.) |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 11 years male: 11 years female: 11 years (2014) |