Mongolia: Geography#
| Location | Northern Asia, between China and Russia |
|---|---|
| Geographic Coordinates | 46 00 N, 105 00 E 46.0,105.0 |
| Area | total: 1,564,116 sq km land: 1,553,556 sq km water: 10,560 sq km [Verified in 8 databases] |
| Land boundaries | total: 8,220 km border countries: China 4,677 km, Russia 3,543 km |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Elevation Extremes | lowest point: Hoh Nuur 560 m highest point: Nayramadlin Orgil (Huyten Orgil) 4,374 m |
| Highest Mountains | Due to difference in mountain rankings taken from two data sources we are listing here both lists : According to Wolfram: Mount Huiten 4374 m; Hüiten Peak 4374 m; Mönkh Khairkhan 4231 m; Sutai Mountain 4220 m; Tsambagarav 4193 m According to Geonames: K’uei-t’un Shan 4082 m; Otgon Tenger Uul 4008 m; Tung-ho-ko-erh 3325 m; Gora Sar’dag-Ula 2027 m Attempted Explanation: Please help us to try to explain the discrepancies by sending us helpful information to office nospam@TUGraz.at @global-geography.org Important Mountains |
| Terrain | vast semidesert and desert plains, grassy steppe, mountains in west and southwest; Gobi Desert in south-central |
| Natural Hazards | dust storms; grassland and forest fires; drought; "zud," which is harsh winter conditions |
| Natural Resource | oil, coal, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphates, tin, nickel, zinc, fluorspar, gold, silver, iron |
| Land Use | arable land: 0.39% permanent crops: 0% other: 99.61% (2011) |
| Climate | desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges) |
| Irrigated Land | 843 sq km (2003) |
| Renewable Water Resources | 34.8 cu km (2011) |
| Environment_CurrentIssues | limited natural freshwater resources in some areas; the policies of former Communist regimes promoted rapid urbanization and industrial growth that had negative effects on the environment; the burning of soft coal in power plants and the lack of enforcement of environmental laws severely polluted the air in Ulaanbaatar; deforestation, overgrazing, and the converting of virgin land to agricultural production increased soil erosion from wind and rain; desertification and mining activities had a deleterious effect on the environment |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Large Cities | Due to difference in city rankings taken from two data sources we are listing here both lists : According to Wolfram: Ulaanbaatar; Erdenet; Darhan; Cojbalsan; Olgij According to Geonames: Ulaanbaatar; Erdenet; Darhan; Khovd; Ölgiy Attempted Explanation: Please help us to try to explain the discrepancies by sending us helpful information to office nospam@TUGraz.at @global-geography.org Important Cities |
| Geography-note | landlocked; strategic location between China and Russia Important Lakes |