Jamaica: People & Society#
Population | 2,970,340 (July 2016 est.) |
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Nationality | noun: Jamaican(s) adjective: Jamaican |
Ethnic groups | black 92.1%, mixed 6.1%, East Indian 0.8%, other 0.4%, unspecified 0.7% (2011 est.) |
Languages | English, English patois |
Religions | Protestant 64.8% (includes Seventh Day Adventist 12.0%, Pentecostal 11.0%, Other Church of God 9.2%, New Testament Church of God 7.2%, Baptist 6.7%, Church of God in Jamaica 4.8%, Church of God of Prophecy 4.5%, Anglican 2.8%, United Church 2.1%, Methodist 1.6%, Revived 1.4%, Brethren 0.9%, and Moravian 0.7%), Roman Catholic 2.2%, Jehovah's Witness 1.9%, Rastafarian 1.1%, other 6.5%, none 21.3%, unspecified 2.3% (2011 est.) |
Age structure | 0-14 years: 27.56% (male 416,421/female 402,283) 15-24 years: 21.13% (male 315,190/female 312,362) 25-54 years: 37.59% (male 551,384/female 565,279) 55-64 years: 5.78% (male 82,754/female 88,786) 65 years and over: 7.94% (male 105,593/female 130,288) (2016 est.) |
Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 48.6% youth dependency ratio: 35% elderly dependency ratio: 13.6% potential support ratio: 7.4% (2015 est.) |
Median age | total: 25.6 years male: 25.1 years female: 26.1 years (2016 est.) |
Population growth rate | 0.68% (2016 est.) |
Birth rate | 18 births/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
Death rate | 6.7 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
Net migration rate | -4.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
Population distribution | population density is high throughout, but increases in and around Kingston, Montego Bay, and Port Esquivel |
Urbanization | urban population: 54.8% of total population (2015) rate of urbanization: 0.9% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) |
Major urban areas - population | KINGSTON (capital) 588,000 (2015) |
Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2016 est.) |
Mother's mean age at first birth | 21.2 note: median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2008 est.) |
Maternal mortality rate | 89 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) |
Infant mortality rate | total: 13.1 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.) |
Life expectancy at birth | total population: 73.6 years male: 72 years female: 75.3 years (2016 est.) |
Total fertility rate | 1.99 children born/woman (2016 est.) |
Contraceptive prevalence rate | 72.5% (2008/09) |
Health expenditures | 5.4% of GDP (2014) |
Physicians density | 0.41 physicians/1,000 population (2008) |
Hospital bed density | 1.7 beds/1,000 population (2012) |
Drinking water source | improved: urban: 97.5% of population rural: 89.4% of population total: 93.8% of population unimproved: urban: 2.5% of population rural: 10.6% of population total: 6.2% of population (2015 est.) |
Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 79.9% of population rural: 84.1% of population total: 81.8% of population unimproved: urban: 20.1% of population rural: 15.9% of population total: 18.2% of population (2015 est.) |
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | 1.63% (2015 est.) |
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 29,000 (2015 est.) |
HIV/AIDS - deaths | 1,200 (2015 est.) |
Major infectious diseases | note: active local transmission of Zika virus by Aedes species mosquitoes has been identified in this country (as of August 2016); it poses an important risk (a large number of cases possible) among US citizens if bitten by an infective mosquito; other less common ways to get Zika are through sex, via blood transfusion, or during pregnancy, in which the pregnant woman passes Zika virus to her fetus (2016) |
Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 26.8% (2014) |
Children under the age of 5 years underweight | 2.5% (2012) |
Education expenditures | 5.4% of GDP (2015) |
Literacy | definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 88.7% male: 84% female: 93.1% (2015 est.) |
Child labor - children ages 5-14 | total number: 38,516 percentage: 6% (2005 est.) |
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 | total: 37.8% male: 30% female: 48.1% (2013 est.) |