Indonesia: People & Society#

Population258,316,051 (July 2016 est.)
Nationalitynoun: Indonesian(s)
adjective: Indonesian
Ethnic groupsJavanese 40.1%, Sundanese 15.5%, Malay 3.7%, Batak 3.6%, Madurese 3%, Betawi 2.9%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Buginese 2.7%, Bantenese 2%, Banjarese 1.7%, Balinese 1.7%, Acehnese 1.4%, Dayak 1.4%, Sasak 1.3%, Chinese 1.2%, other 15% (2010 est.)
LanguagesBahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects (of which the most widely spoken is Javanese)
note: more than 700 languages are used in Indonesia
ReligionsMuslim 87.2%, Christian 7%, Roman Catholic 2.9%, Hindu 1.7%, other 0.9% (includes Buddhist and Confucian), unspecified 0.4% (2010 est.)
Age structure0-14 years: 25.42% (male 33,435,020/female 32,224,706)
15-24 years: 17.03% (male 22,397,086/female 21,604,985)
25-54 years: 42.35% (male 55,857,415/female 53,543,682)
55-64 years: 8.4% (male 9,918,897/female 11,790,016)
65 years and over: 6.79% (male 7,630,251/female 9,913,993) (2016 est.)
Dependency ratiostotal dependency ratio: 49%
youth dependency ratio: 41.2%
elderly dependency ratio: 7.7%
potential support ratio: 13% (2015 est.)
Median agetotal: 29.9 years
male: 29.3 years
female: 30.5 years (2016 est.)
Population growth rate0.89% (2016 est.)
Birth rate16.4 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Death rate6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Net migration rate-1.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Urbanizationurban population: 53.7% of total population (2015)
rate of urbanization: 2.69% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major urban areas - populationJAKARTA (capital) 10.323 million; Surabaya 2.853 million; Bandung 2.544 million; Medan 2.204 million; Semarang 1.63 million; Makassar 1.489 million (2015)
Sex ratioat birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.84 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female
total population: 1 male(s)/female (2016 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth22.8
note: median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2012 est.)
Maternal mortality rate126 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
Infant mortality ratetotal: 23.5 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 27.5 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 19.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)
Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 72.7 years
male: 70.1 years
female: 75.5 years (2016 est.)
Total fertility rate2.13 children born/woman (2016 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate61.9% (2012)
Health expenditures2.8% of GDP (2014)
Physicians density0.2 physicians/1,000 population (2012)
Hospital bed density0.9 beds/1,000 population (2012)
Drinking water sourceimproved:
urban: 94.2% of population
rural: 79.5% of population
total: 87.4% of population
unimproved:
urban: 5.8% of population
rural: 20.5% of population
total: 12.6% of population (2015 est.)
Sanitation facility accessimproved:
urban: 72.3% of population
rural: 47.5% of population
total: 60.8% of population
unimproved:
urban: 27.7% of population
rural: 52.5% of population
total: 39.2% of population (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate0.48% (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS692,800 (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths35,300 (2015 est.)
Major infectious diseasesdegree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria (2016)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate5.7% (2014)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight19.9% (2013)
Education expenditures3.3% of GDP (2014)
Literacydefinition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 93.9%
male: 96.3%
female: 91.5% (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)total: 13 years
male: 13 years
female: 13 years (2014)
Child labor - children ages 5-14total number: 4,026,285
percentage: 7%

note: data represent children ages 5-17 (2009 est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24total: 31.3%
male: 19.5%
female: 21.4% (2013 est.)